The course is an introduction to natural science methods in archaeology. Archaeological science, or the application of instruments and analytical techniques from the natural sciences to archaeological material, has a history dating back to the early 19^th century. In the 21^st century, the Third Science Revolution has led to increased use of these methods. New and exciting questions about past people include migration, raw material sources, diet, and biological relatedness. This course introduces the concepts and methods used in archaeological sciences; gives students an informed understanding of the benefits and challenges of using natural science methods for archaeological research; and addresses the integration of empirical data with archaeological and cultural questions. Topics will include animal bones, plant materials, human biology, rocks and sediments, dating methods, stone tools, ceramics, and metals. We will examine the methods and interpretations through lectures, readings, class discussions, and written assignments.